14 European countries created African colonial boarders.
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The purpose of the Berlin Conference was to lay down rules regarding the division of Africa without going to war for it.
At the Berlin Conference of 1884
Africa
At the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 the European nations decided on how they would divide up the ownership of Central Africa to avoid fighting over it. The conference didn't actually approve the territorial claims of the European nations, but they did agree on a set of rules to avoid conflict in partitioning of the region.
The Berlin West Africa Conference was attended by the US because the issues of trade and navigation rights were some of the issues discussed. Therefore this impacted American interests abroad.
The city of Berlin, Germany was the site of the Berlin Conference from November, 1884 to February, 1885, during which European countries negotiated colonial boundaries and trade during the "Scramble for Africa" (New Imperialism) that began around 1880.